高可用hadoop集群
在Hadoop2.0之前，只有一个NameNode，若NameNode机器出现故障，那么整个集群都无法使用。这个架构存在单点故障的隐患。之后推出了HA的架构，即有两个NameNode，一台为active状态，一台为standby状态。active NameNode对外提供服务，standby实时同步了active NameNode的元数据，当active NameNode节点出现故障，standby NameNode节点可立即切换为active状态并对外提供服务。所以，在实际生产中一般采用HA架构。这里用三台机器测试搭建Hadoop高可用集群。
避坑--配置隔离机制shell(/bin/true)
Host 安装软件 进程
hadoop001 hadoop、zookeeper NameNode、DFSZKFailoverController、JournalNode、DataNode 、 ResourceManager 、JobHistoryServer、NodeManager 、QuorumPeerMain
hadoop002 hadoop、zookeeper NameNode 、DFSZKFailoverController、JournalNode 、DataNode 、ResourceManager 、NodeManager 、QuorumPeerMain
hadoop003 hadoop、zookeeper JournalNode 、DataNode 、NodeManager、QuorumPeerMain 修改配置文件
cd /usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop
hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/apps/jdk1.8.0_172core-site.xml
mkdir –p /usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/tmp
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://ns</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>master:2181,slave1:2181,slave2:2181</value>
</property>
</configuration>
hdfs-site.xml
<!--指定hdfs的nameservice为ns，需要和core-site.xml中的保持一致 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
<value>ns</value>
</property>
<!-- ns下面有两个NameNode，分别是nn1，nn2 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns</name>
<value>nn1,nn2</value>
</property>
<!-- nn1的RPC通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns.nn1</name>
<value>master:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- nn1的http通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns.nn1</name>
<value>master:50070</value>
</property>
<!-- nn2的RPC通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns.nn2</name>
<value>slave1:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- nn2的http通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns.nn2</name>
<value>slave1:50070</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定NameNode的元数据在JournalNode上的存放位置 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
<value>qjournal://master:8485;slave1:8485;slave2:8485/ns</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盘存放数据的位置 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/hdf_journal</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启NameNode故障时自动切换 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置失败自动切换实现方式 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置隔离机制 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
<value>
sshfence
shell(/bin/true)
</value>
</property>
<!-- 使用隔离机制时需要ssh免登陆 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
<value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置sshfence隔离机制超时时间 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>
<value>30000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/hdf_name</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0/hdf_data</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>3</value>
</property>
<!-- 在NN和DN上开启WebHDFS (REST API)功能,不是必须 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
mapred-site.xml
cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
yarn-site.xml
<!-- 开启YARN HA -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 启用自动故障转移 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定YARN HA的名称 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
<value>yarncluster</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定两个resourcemanager的名称 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
<value>rm1,rm2</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置rm1，rm2的主机 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
<value>slave2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
<value>slave1</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置YARN的http端口 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm1</name>
<value>slave2:8088</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm2</name>
<value>slave1:8088</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置zookeeper的地址 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
<value>master:2181,slave1:2181,slave2:2181</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置zookeeper的存储位置 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-state-store.parent-path</name>
<value>/rmstore</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启yarn resourcemanager restart -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置resourcemanager的状态存储到zookeeper中 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启yarn nodemanager restart -->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.address</name>
<value>${yarn.nodemanager.hostname}:8041</value>
</property> 修改slaves文件
master
slave1
slave2
拷贝到其他环境
scp -r /usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0 slave1:/usr/local/src/
scp -r /usr/local/src/hadoop-2.6.0 slave2:/usr/local/src/
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